RELATIVE PRONOUN

Relative pronoun atau kata sambung yang dapat menerangkan subjek-kalimat-objek-prediket, keterangan waktu-keterangan tempat dan lain-lain.

Relative pronoun => that, who, whom, whose, which, when dan where

• the best place that l have ever visited for my vacation is Bukit Tinggi
• John is my best friend who was the member of ham radio
• Betty is the girl who/whom you met in the mall yesterday
• The car whose brakes failed finally stopped at the corner.
• Our transceivers, which has been broken for two weeks, should be ready this afternoon
• l heard some body crying when l come your house
• Bangkinang is the place where there was a riot

beberapa kata yang harus digunakan dalam percakapan

• used to + kata kerja => kata ini menerangkan bahwa suatu aktivitas sudah sering dilakukan...contoh:
  * she used to go to the bed around 10.00 pm.
  *I used to drink a cup of coffee in the morning.
  * Andi used to drive carefully on the windows rood
• Can't help +verb +Ing => kata ini menjelaskan bahwa subjek tidak dapat tidak/tidak bisa menahan, contoh:
  * I can't help falling in love with you.

WH WORDS

Kata WH dapat digunakan sebagai awal suatu pertanyaan atau pertanyaan tidak langsung.

1. Who => menanyakan subjek yang melakukan suatu aktivitas
   * who is the boss in this company?
   * who takes my transceiver from the table?
   * who was the fifth president of Indonesia?
2. Whom => direct question, menanyakan objek
   * to whom did you give the books yesterday?
   * to whom should l tell this secret?
3. Whose => direct question, menanyakan milik siapa
   * whose pencils did l lend yesterday?
   * whose knife di l use to cut a papaya?
4. What => pertanyaan umum
   * what do you know about tornado?
   * what color did you use to wear?
5. Which => menyatakan yang mana (bilamana ada pilihan)
   *which class is your favorite class?
   *which car is yours?
   * which one is your car?
6. When => untuk menanyakan waktu
   *when did you send that letter?
7. Where => untuk menanyakan tempat
   * where did you put those bags?
8. How => untuk menanyakan keadaan

kata ini dapat juga dipakai untuk menanyakan jumlah (countable atau uncountable) dan dapat juga menanyakan sesuatu yang sesuai dengan kata sifat yang mengurunginya.

• how are you doing?
• How is everything?
• How do you do?
• How many cars do you have?
• How much money do you have?
• How long will you stay here? (waktu)
• How far is Dumai from here? (jarak)
• How deep is the Ngarai Sianok?

Passive voice = Kalimat Pasif

objek + to be +verb (pp) + by + subject

example:

• the house is painted by me
• the house has been painted
• the house is being painted

PERCAKAPAN 3

Miss, would you bring me a coffe please : Nona, tolonglah bawakan saya kopi

Certainly, Sir. Black or white? : Baik, Tuan. Kopi hitam atau kopi susu?

White, please : Kopi susu

Here we are, Sir : Silakan, Tuan

Thank you : Terima kasih

Would you mind passing me the newspaper : Tolonglah berikan saya surat kabar itu

Thank you very much : Terima kasih banyak

Could l have some more coffe? : Dapatkah saya minta kopi lagi?

Yes, Sir : Baik, Tuan

Would you be so kind as to move over : Maukah anda pindah tempat

My wife will be arriving any minute : Istri saya akan datang sebentar lagi

Of course : Tentu saja

Thank you very much : Terima kasih banyak

Don't mention it : Kembali

l'm sorry to be such a nuisance : Maaf, saya mengganggu anda

No trouble at all : Sama sekali tidak

l'm much obliged to you : Saya amat berterima kasih

REQUESTS, THANKS AND REGRETS (permintaan/permohonan, pernyataan terima kasih dan penyesalan)

Please give me the book : Tolonglah berikan saya buku itu

Let me have it, please : Tolong berikan kepada saya

May l borrow this pen : Bolehkah saya pinjam pena ini?

Please, do : tentu, silahkan

May l sit down? : Bolehkah saya duduk?

Could l have a look at it, please : Bolehkah saya melihatnya?

Could l have some more : Bolehkan saya dapat tambahan (lagi)?

Can l ask you a favour? : Bolehkah saya minta tolong (kepada anda)?

Would you do me a favour? : Dapatkah anda menolong saya?

Would you pass me the salt : Tolonglah berikan garam itu kepada saya

Would you mind moving over, please? : Maukah anda pindah tempat?

Would you be so kind as to...... : Sudikah kiranya anda.......

l'd be very much obliged if you would....... : Saya akan amat berterima kasih kalau anda.....

Another cup of tea, Mr Junaidi? : Teh lagi, Tuan Junaidi?

With pleasure, thanks : Ya, terima kasih

Thank you so much : Ya, terima kasih

Thank you very much indeed : Ya, terima kasih

Very kind of you : Anda baik hati

Much obliged : Terima kasih banyak

You're very kind : Anda amat baik hati

How kind of you : Anda sungguh baik hati

l'm very much obliged to you : Saya amat berterima kasih

l can't thank you enough : Tak terhingga terima kasih saya

Thank you for the invitation : Terima kasih atas undangannya

What a warm welcome! : Sambutan itu hangat (betul)!

What wonderful hospitality! : keramah-tamahan itu sungguh menakjubkan!

Oh, it's nothing! : Ah, tidak apa-apa

Don't mention it : terima kasih kembali

You're most welcome : Terima kasih kembali

No trouble at all : Terima kasih kembali

It's a pleasure : terima kasih kembali

Forget it : Terima kasih kembali

That's quite all right : Terima kasih kembali

Excuse me, please : Maaf......

l'm so sorry : Saya amat menyesal

l beg your pardom : Maaf......

Do forgive me : Maafkanlah saya

Please accept my apologies : Terimalah permohonan maaf saya

How silly of me! : Bodoh betul saya!

I don't know what to say : Saya tidak dapat mengatakan apa-apa

Don't be angry : Janganlah marah

There's been a terrible mistake : Kesalahan besar telah terjadi

It won't happen again : Takkan terjadi lagi

Let me try and explain : Baiklah saya mencoba menjelaskannya

You mustn't be offended : Janganlah anda tersinggung

I hope l haven't offended you : Mudah-mudahan saya tidak menyinggung anda

What a shame! : Sayang betul!

What a pity! : Sayang betul!

How awful! : Sayang betul!

How annoying! : Menjengkelkan betul!

Too bad! : Sayang betul!

That's life! : Begitulah!

My condolences in your bereavement : Saya turut berdukacita atas kemalangan anda

Please accept my heartfelt sympathies : Terimalah pernyataan dukacita saya yang sedalam-dalamnya

l'm sorry to hear that : Berita itu tidak menyenangkan

l hope it's nothing serious : Mudah-mudahan tidak apa-apa

Well, if you'll excuse me....... : Nah, saya minta diri

PERCAKAPAN 2

Hello, Miss Nasution : Halo, Nona Nasution

You must be mistaken. My name’s Harahap : Anda salah. Nama saya Harahap

Have we met before? : Sudah pernahkah kita bertemu?

No, l don’t think we have : Saya kira tidak (belum)

Allow me to introduce myself, Harun Junaidi : Perkenalkan diri saya, Harun Junaidi

How do you do. I'm Ina Harahap : Saya Ina Harahap

Have you got a brother called Muhidin? : Apakah anda mempunyai saudara yang bernama Muhidin?

Yes, l have. Is he a friend of yours? : Benar, kawan andakah ia?

We were at school together years ago : Kami pernah satu sekolah dulu

Miss Harahap, l wonder if you would be free to lunch with me on Wednesday? : Nona Harahap, mungkinkah anda ada waktu untuk makan siang dengan saya hari Rabu?

How very kind of you. I'd love to : Anda sungguh baik hati. Tentu saja.

Then l'll see you on Wednesday : Kalau begitu sampai hari rabu

Thank you very much : Terima kasih banyak

Please remember me to your brother : Sampaikanlah salam saya kepada saudara anda

I certainly will : Pasti

Well, if you'll excuse me. I must be off : Nah, saya minta diri. Saya harus pergi

It was very nice meeting you, Miss Harahap : Sungguh menyenangkan bertemu dengan anda, Nona Harahap

Thank you, Mr Junaidi. Goodbye for now : Terima kasih, Tuan Junaidi. Selamat tinggal.

PERCAKAPAN 1

Hello, Candra :  Halo, Candra

Hi, Nita  : Hai, Nita

What are you up to these days?  :  Sedang mengapakah anda dewasa ini?

Oh, nothing special  :  Ah, biasa saja

Haven’t seen you for a long time  :  Sudah lama tidak bertemu

I haven’t been too well lately  :  Saya kurang sehat akhir-akhir ini

Oh, really? What’s the matter?  :  Ah, benar? Ada apa?

I’ve had the flu  :  Saya terkena flu

Everything all right now?  :  Sekarang sudah sembuh?

Yes, thanks  :  Ya, terima kasih

How’s the family?  : Bagaimana dengan keluarga?

Oh, they’re fine, thanks  :  Ah, mereka sehat walafiat, terima kasih

And Rifa’i getting on all right?  :  Dan Rifa’i, baik-baik sajakah ia?

He has his ups and downs. You know Rifa’i : Kadang2 baik, kadang2 tidak, makhlumlah    Rifa’i

What’s are you doing on Thursday  : Ada rencana apa untuk hari kamis?

Nothing, as far as l know  : Tidak ada, sepanjang pengetahuan saya

Would you like to come to dinner? : Sudikah kiranya anda datang untuk makan malam?

I’d love to  :  Tentu saja

See you on Thursday then  :  Kalau begitu, sampai hari kamis

Great! Nice to see you again  :  Baik sekali! Saya senang bertemu lagi dengan anda

Give my love to your mother  : Salam hangat saya kepada ibu anda

I will. See you  :  Saya akan menyampaikannya. Sampai bertemu

GREETING 3

Remember me to........                     Salam saya kepada..........

Give my love to........                       Salam hangat saya kepada..........

Give my regards to........                  Sampaikan salam saya kepada.........

All the best.                                     Selamat tinggal

Good luck                                        Semoga sukses

Take it easy                                      Jangan khawatir

Have a good trip                               Selamat jalan

Have a pleasant journey                   Selamat jalan

Have a good time                             Bersenang-senanglah

Enjoy yourself                                  Bersenang-senanglah